Ep 5. The Mystery of the Rosetta Stone

Egypt season 1 episode 5, "The Mystery of the Rosetta Stone," explores one of the most significant artifacts in Egyptology, the Rosetta Stone. The episode takes the viewers through a journey to fully understand the origins and the importance of the Stone, which was found by soldiers during Napoleon's invasion of Egypt.

Starting in Alexandria, the episode breaks down the structure of the Rosetta Stone. We see the rectangular stone, which stands at approximately four feet high and two feet wide, inscribed with hieroglyphics, Greek letters, and a script known as Demotic. The inscription translates to a royal decree from Ptolemy V in BC 196, and it is identical in content in all three scripts.

The episode delves into the importance of the Rosetta Stone. We learn that it is considered one of the most significant articles even before deciphering it. Experts explain that the Rosetta Stone provided the one key that unlocked, not just Ancient Egypt's language but its civilization, and it became the key that allowed scholars to decipher the inscriptions on pharaonic monuments.

Throughout the episode, the viewers meet several Egyptologists and historians who explain how the Rosetta Stone has helped us understand different periods in Egyptian history and their language, culture, and society. We also learn how the translation of the Rosetta Stone led to a better understanding of the famous Egyptian ruler Cleopatra, who was the last pharaoh of Ancient Egypt.

Furthermore, the episode explores the interesting story behind the discovery of the Rosetta Stone. We learn that the stone was used as construction material in Fort Julien by the French army, and a young officer's curiosity led him to recognize the stone's significance, ultimately resulting in its discovery in 1799.

One fascinating aspect of the episode is the mystery behind the structure and design of the Rosetta Stone. While the inscriptions are understandable and contain valuable information, the meaning behind the design is still unclear. Egyptologists and historians discuss possible theories, such as the Stone's purpose as a wall decoration to a temple's facade.

Finally, the episode talks in-depth about the stelae, which are the inscriptions on the Rosetta Stone. Scholars discuss the significance of the inscriptions and what we know about Ancient Egypt society and politics. One theory is that Ptolemy V issued this decree to reinforce his authority and maintain the unity of the priests, which shows how powerful the pharaohs were in Ancient Egypt and how they controlled society.

Overall, Egypt season 1 episode 5 takes its viewers on an engaging journey through the history, significance, and mystery of the Rosetta Stone. It provides valuable insight into Ancient Egypt's language and culture and how deciphering the stone has helped broaden our knowledge of one of the world's most fascinating civilizations.