Watch Refridgerator Mothers

Refrigerator Mothers is a documentary film from 2003 that examines the lives of mothers of children diagnosed with autism during the 1950s and 1960s. The film is directed by David E. Simpson and co-produced by Simpson and Scott Spitzer. The title of the film comes from the theory proposed in the 1950s that autism was caused by a lack of maternal warmth, leading to children being "refrigerated emotionally" by their mothers. The film explores this theory and the impact it had on the mothers of autistic children at the time.

The film features interviews with several of these mothers, who share their personal stories and struggles. Many of them describe the guilt and shame they felt at the time, as they were blamed for their child's condition. They also recount the various treatments and therapies they tried in an attempt to "cure" their children, such as institutionalization, shock therapy, and behavioral modification.

One of the most powerful stories in the film is that of Lenny, a man with autism who was institutionalized as a child. Lenny's mother, Glory, describes the heartbreak of having to leave her son in an institution and the guilt she felt for years afterwards. Lenny himself is featured in the film, and his comments provide insight into the experiences of someone living with autism.

The film also explores the history of autism research and treatment, including the work of pioneers such as Leo Kanner and Bernard Rimland. It shows how the prevailing attitudes towards autism and its causes changed over time, particularly with the rise of the neurodiversity movement in the 1990s.

Throughout the film, the mothers' stories are interwoven with historical footage and photos, giving viewers a sense of the time period and the cultural attitudes of the era. The film also includes commentary from experts in the field of autism research, such as Simon Baron-Cohen and Temple Grandin.

Refrigerator Mothers is a moving and informative film that sheds light on a little-known chapter in the history of autism. It highlights the courage and resilience of the mothers who fought for their children in the face of ignorance and prejudice. Through their stories, viewers gain a deeper understanding of autism and the ongoing struggle for acceptance and inclusion.