Ep 10. Alexander II, Nihilists, and Assassins

In this episode of Understanding Russia: A Cultural History, we delve into the complex and tumultuous era of Alexander II's reign, where the rise of nihilism and radical political ideologies led to the assassination of the Tsar.

The episode begins with an overview of Alexander II's rule, exploring his efforts to modernize and reform Russia while balancing the interests of various factions within his court. Under Alexander II, Russia experienced a period of rapid industrialization, urbanization, and social change, with reforms such as the abolition of serfdom and the expansion of education and civil rights.

However, these changes also gave rise to a new generation of discontented intellectuals who rejected traditional Russian values and sought to create a new, more equitable social order. The episode examines the key tenets of Russian nihilism, a philosophical movement that rejected all forms of authority and morality. Nihilism drew upon Western European ideas such as Marxism, but also had uniquely Russian elements, such as a rejection of traditional Orthodox Christianity and a fascination with Eastern mysticism.

As the nihilist movement gained traction, it produced a variety of radical political groups who sought to overthrow the Tsarist regime. The episode explores the ideas and actions of these groups, including the People's Will party, who famously assassinated Alexander II in 1881. We see how these groups used increasingly violent and audacious tactics to try and bring down the Tsar, culminating in the tragic bombing of the Winter Palace.

Throughout the episode, we also hear the voices of key historical figures from the era, including Alexander II himself, who offers a rare glimpse into the mind of a Tsar struggling to come to terms with a rapidly changing world. We also hear from leading historians and cultural commentators, who provide in-depth analysis of the social, political, and cultural factors that drove the nihilist movement and the events that ultimately led to Alexander II's demise.

Understanding Russia: A Cultural History's Alexander II, Nihilists, and Assassins is a fascinating exploration of one of the most turbulent periods in Russian history, a time when old certainties were crumbling, and new ideas were emerging. Through a combination of expert analysis, historical insight, and gripping storytelling, this episode offers a vivid and compelling insight into the forces that shaped modern Russia.