Ep 34. Cancer Mechanisms and Treatments

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: How Life Works is a documentary-style educational series that explores the way in which the fundamental mechanisms of chemistry and molecular biology influence life. In season 1 episode 34, titled Cancer Mechanisms and Treatments, viewers are introduced to the complex relationships between cells, DNA, and the environment in which they reside.

The episode begins with an overview of how cancer arises. Cancer cells are cells that have undergone a genetic mutation, which has resulted in uncontrolled cell division. Normally, cells receive signals from their environment that tell them when to divide and when to stop growing. However, cancer cells have lost this ability, and they continue to divide even when their environment tells them to stop.

The episode then delves into specific mutations that are common in cancer cells. Mutations in genes such as TP53, which normally helps regulate cell division, can result in cancer. Additionally, mutations in genes that control the process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, can also contribute to the development of cancer cells.

The episode also explores the ways in which environmental factors can contribute to the development of cancer. Smoking, for example, can cause mutations in DNA that lead to cancer. UV radiation from the sun can also cause mutations in genes that control cell division, which can lead to the development of skin cancer.

Finally, the episode discusses various treatments that are available for cancer patients. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery are all common treatments for cancer. However, these treatments can be harsh on the body, and they often come with a range of side effects.

The episode concludes with a discussion about the future of cancer treatment. Researchers are developing new treatments that target specific mutations in cancer cells. These treatments, which are often called targeted therapies, are less harsh on the body than traditional chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Additionally, researchers are exploring ways to use the body's own immune system to fight cancer. These new therapies offer hope for patients who are facing this devastating disease.

Overall, Cancer Mechanisms and Treatments is an informative and engaging episode of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: How Life Works. The episode provides a clear overview of the complex mechanisms involved in the development of cancer while also offering insight into the latest treatments and research into this disease.