PBS Space Time Season 2019 Episode 15 Why Quantum Computing Requires Quantum Cryptography

PBS Space Time season 2019 episode 15 is titled "Why Quantum Computing Requires Quantum Cryptography." This episode explores the fascinating world of quantum computing and cryptography, and why it is necessary to use quantum cryptography to ensure the security of our data in the era of quantum computing.

The show starts with an introduction to quantum computing, explaining the basic principles involved in quantum computers. Quantum computers are fundamentally different from classical computers, as they use quantum bits or qubits instead of classical bits. While classical bits can only be in two states (0 or 1), qubits can be in multiple states simultaneously, allowing quantum computers to solve complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers.

However, this power comes with a downside as quantum computers can easily break the current cryptography methods used to secure our data. Classical cryptography relies on complex mathematical algorithms that are easy to solve for a classical computer, but extremely difficult for a quantum computer. But with the advent of quantum computers, all current encryption methods will become vulnerable to being easily broken.

That's where quantum cryptography comes in. Quantum cryptography is a secure communication method that uses the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics to ensure the security of our data. Theoretically, it is impossible for an eavesdropper to intercept the data transmitted by quantum cryptography without alerting the legitimate parties involved.

The episode then delves deeper into the technical details of quantum cryptography. It explains how the principles of quantum mechanics are used to generate secure encryption keys that are shared between the parties involved in the communication. The "Heisenberg uncertainty principle" of quantum mechanics plays a key role in this process. According to this principle, measuring certain properties of a quantum system will inevitably disturb others. This allows quantum cryptography to detect any eavesdropping attempts, as any measurement will alter the state of the quantum system and change the encryption key.

The show also discusses the ongoing efforts to develop quantum communication technologies, including satellite-based quantum communication networks that can provide a secure communication channel between distant locations.

Additionally, the episode examines the potential applications of quantum cryptography beyond secure communication. For example, it can be used to ensure the integrity of elections, bring unbreakable communication between probes in deep space exploration, or even form the core of a quantum internet.

The episode also highlights the ongoing research and development efforts around the world to bring quantum cryptography to a wider audience. While current quantum cryptography systems are still limited in their scope and reliability, it is only a matter of time before they become commonplace. The hope is to ensure that a future with quantum computers is also a future of secure communications.

In conclusion, PBS Space Time season 2019 episode 15 is an informative and fascinating exploration of the world of quantum computing and cryptography. It highlights the importance of quantum cryptography in securing our data in the era of quantum computers, and examines the potential applications of this technology beyond secure communication. The show presents the technical details in an accessible and engaging way, making it suitable for viewers of all levels of knowledge.